GG04 1999 Module GGO4; based on Units II, IV and VI.

Section A  Answer one question from this section. (ONE FROM A CHOICE OF FOUR)

1(a)   What is meant by the term "newly industrialising country"?
(b) (i) Describe two pieces of evidence which show that transnational corporations have caused changes in the social and/or environmental geography of the newly industrialising countries.
(ii)  Discuss some of the attitudes of different groups in the newly industrialising countries to these changes.
(c)     Explain why many newly industrialising countries have now become countries of origin for transnational corporations.

2   (a) Describe the spatial expansion of the European Union (EU) over the last 30 years.
(b) Discuss the reasons why countries continue to want to join the EU.
(c)     Many groups express concern that over the last 30 years political power within the European Union has become increasingly centralised.
Describe two pieces of the evidence they would use to support their view.
(d)     Within many countries there are separatist movements demanding greater autonomy from the central government.
With the aid of examples, discuss the possible consequences within a country of pressures for separatism.

3   Choose either earthquakes or volcanoes.
(a) Describe the global distribution of the hazard.
(b)     Name two pieces of evidence that can be used to show the scale of the hazard at any one place. Comment on the reliability of such evidence.
(c) Describe the effects of the hazard in the areas where it occurs.
(d) Discuss the degree to which the hazard can be predicted and managed.

4  Choose either burglary in urban areas or a transmittable disease.
(a) Describe the nature and distribution of the hazard.
(b)     Name two sources that you would investigate in order to discover the frequency of occurrence of the hazard. Comment on the reliability of those sources.
(c) (i) Describe some of the attempts that have been made to prevent and/or manage the hazard.
(ii)     Discuss how the success of any such attempts depends upon the perception and understanding of the hazard.

Section B  Answer one question from this section.(ONE FROM A CHOICE OF TWO)

5        "Evidence shows that the major structural features of ocean basins are the result of plate movements."
Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement. In your answer you should
·       identify and describe the main structural features of ocean basins;
·       describe the processes that are responsible for the formation of these structural features;
·       discuss the relative importance of both tectonic and other processes in the formation of these structural features.

6        "Human activity has had a much greater impact on the climax vegetation of the British Isles than all the climate changes since the end of the last Ice Age."
Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement. In your answer you should refer to examples and
·       describe the climate variations that have taken place since the retreat of the ice sheets and the resulting changes in vegetation;
·       discuss how human activity has altered climax vegetation;
·       assess the relative importance of climate change and human activity on the climax vegetation of the British Isles.

END OF QUESTIONS